How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (2024)

So you’ve just been to your local optometrist for a comprehensive eye exam, what’s next? You’ve been provided a piece of paper and likely want to know how to read an eye prescription and how bad your eyes are?

As a local optometrist based in Metrotown, Burnaby, when our patients visit us for an eye exam, our focus is on providing the highest levels of optometric service, expertise and clinical knowledge. We also make sure you are comfortable with how to read the prescriptions given to you.

How Do I Interpret My Vision Prescription?

Before we jump into what each section of how to read an eye prescription means, as a general rule, the higher the numbers on your prescription, the worse your eyesight is and the stronger your prescription will be to provide the necessary correction.

Mild: -0.50 to -3. Moderate: -3.25 to -5.00. High: -5.25 to -10. Extreme: greater than-10.

However, that’s not all there is to know in learning how to read an eye prescription. Read on for a simple breakdown of each section of your eye prescription and what impact it will have on your vision.

How to Read an Eye Prescription: OD vs. OS

Simply put, “OD” is your right eye and “OS” is your left eye. One memory trick is to think of “D” as referring to your dominant side, which for 85-90% of people in Western countries is the right side. Also the right eye (OD) will always be listed above your left eye (OS).

How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (1)

How to Read an Eye Prescription: What Does Sphere Mean on an Eye Test?

Spherical refractive error determines whether your eyes are nearsighted or farsighted. When your distance vision is blurry, this is known as nearsightedness. This can occur when our eyeballs grow too quickly for an extended period of time during childhood and can continue worsening into our teens and even early adulthood.

Why does it matter? Clear vision is dependent on the size and shape of your eyeball! If your eyes are not symmetrically circular in shape, or too big or too small in size, light is unable to correctly focus on your retina. This results in blurry and distorted vision.

Minus (-) powers means the prescription is nearsighted.

Nearsightedness (myopia) makes far-away objects look blurry.

Plus (+) powers means the prescription is farsighted.

Farsightedness (hyperopia) makes nearby objects look blurry.

How to Read an Eye Prescription: What is Cylinder and Axis?

Both these numbers describe astigmatism. Why is this important?

Astigmatism is a common refractive error that causes your eyes to not clearly focus on images. This can result in blurry vision in the distance and at near. Astigmatism occurs when the eyeball shape is more oval than round. If you are struggling with blurry vision, headaches, glare or eye strain, it is time to get your eyes checked.

Cylinder quantifies the severity of the astigmatism.

Axis is the direction of astigmatism.

How to Read an Eye Prescription for Your Astigmatism Axis

Horizontal (180) Focus

  • Writing is blurred at the edges
  • It’s more clear in the middle
  • It appears as if the letters are moving
How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (2)

Vertical (090) Focus

  • Writing is blurred in general
  • Nothing is clear
  • It appears as if the letters are moving
How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (3)

Curious about treatments and 5 common myths? Our myopia management certified, and award-winning optometrist, Dr. Shaun Pati, debunks the top 5 myths about myopia treatments and recommends 3 treatments.

8 -Min Read


Do I Need Progressive Lenses? “ADD” on Eye Prescriptions

Your prescription will show a number in the ADD (addition) column if you need progressive lenses, also known as multifocal lenses. This type of prescription means that your optometrist has given you three focus zones in one pair of glasses. It’s incredibly helpful if you have nearsightedness or farsightedness with presbyopia. A progressive lens eliminates the need to switch between glasses when performing close-up work (such as reading a book), intermediate-distance work (like working on a computer), and distance viewing (like driving).

How to Read an Eye Prescription: Is it bad? (What’s Considered Legally Blind)

Legal blindness is a level of blindness that has been defined by law to limit certain activities for safety reasons. These activities include driving, or determining eligibility for disability-related government programs and benefits. Someone is considered to be legally blind when visual acuity is 20/200 or worse in the better eye after correction, and/or a visual field of 20 degrees or narrower.

Learning how to read your eye prescription is important because the higher your prescription is, the worse you will see without correction. In general, without corrective lens use, a -1.00 prescription results in 20/40 acuity, a -3.00 prescription results in 20/160 acuity and a -5.00 prescription results in 20/400 acuity.

How Bad is a +1.00 Eye Prescription?

So a +1.00 and -1.00 refractive error is quite modest; your eyesight isn’t too bad, as you only need 1 diopter of correction. On the other hand, +4.50 and -4.50 represents a greater lack of clarity; you’ll need a stronger prescription to achieve clear vision.

How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (4)

What Does +3.00 Vision Look Like?

Without correction, farsightedness (hyperopia) means distance and near vision can be blurred and this will have a notifiable impact on your vision.

How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (5)

What Does -5.25 Vision Look Like?

Without correction, nearsightedness (myopia) means distance vision is blurry. Your near vision will be clear but you will have to hold objects fairly close to your eyes to see it clearly.

How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (6)


Can Astigmatism Get Worse?

Astigmatism can be genetically passed on or it can be acquired by prolonged near work or excessive eye rubbing. Eyecare professionals can slow or even stop progression if it is caught in time. Astigmatism can get worse over time if left untreated. This is because without treatment, the skewed angle at which light enters your eye worsens, resulting in increasingly blurred and unclear vision.

Discover Astigmatism Treatment Options

Contact lenses could be an option for you. Find out if you are suitable for a contact lens fitting.

How To Read An Eye Prescription (5 Items Simply Explained) (2024)

FAQs

What does +5.00 eye prescription mean? ›

Positive numbers on an eye prescription indicate they are correcting farsightedness, while negative numbers correct shortsightedness. A larger number suggests a stronger prescription.

How do you explain your eye prescription? ›

The sphere column is often abbreviated as SPH. This is the lens power needed to fix your vision. A minus sign (−) next to the number means nearsightedness (you see better up close and need distance correction). A plus sign (₊) indicates you are farsighted (you see better far away and need your near vision corrected).

How do you read an eye exam sheet? ›

The results of an eye chart exam are based on a reading distance of 20 feet. To interpret your reading, it helps to think of the numbers in feet. For instance, someone with 20/60 vision can read at 20 feet away what a person with normal vision could read at 60 feet away.

Is +3.75 eye prescription bad? ›

it is bad, +3.75 means you have high farsightedness. just take good care and wear your glasses and if needed go and consult a good eye care specialist. you can get good vision with prescription glasses.

Is 5.5 eyesight legally blind? ›

To be considered “legally blind,” the vision in a person's better seeing eye must be 20/200 or less with correction (glasses or contacts), or the person must have a visual field of 20 degrees or less in the better seeing eye. Not everyone with low vision meets this legal criteria.

How to figure out your eye prescription at home? ›

The GlassesUSA Prescription Scanner is a free app that uses your smartphone camera to scan your current eyeglasses and read the prescription. You'll also submit a selfie photo to measure your pupillary distance (PD), the distance between your pupils.

What is a bad astigmatism number? ›

75 diopters of astigmatism, and this is considered normal and will likely not require correction. Between . 75 and 2 diopters is considered mild astigmatism. Between 2 and 4 diopters is moderate astigmatism, and 4 or more diopters is considered significant or “bad” astigmatism.

How to understand eye test results? ›

In general, the further away from zero the number on your prescription, the worse your eyesight and the more vision correction (stronger prescription) you need. A “plus” (+) sign in front of the number means you are farsighted, and a “minus” (-) sign means you are nearsighted.

How to understand prescriptions? ›

This includes questions about the name of the medication, how often you are supposed to take it, how to take it, what disease the medication is treating, and if there are any side effects you should expect to have. You can also ask about what to do if you miss a dose and when you should stop taking the medication.

What do the symbols mean on an eye prescription? ›

If you see a (–) symbol next to or above a number in the (SPH) section - you have a short sighted prescription. Although you can normally see things close up, far away distances would be a blur. If you see a (+) symbol in the (SPH) section next to or above a number, you have a long sighted prescription.

How do you explain eye exam numbers? ›

Eyeglass strength is measured in diopters. If your prescription reads -1.00, that means your eyeglasses need 1 diopter of strength to correct nearsightedness. If your prescription reads +2.50, your eyeglasses need 2.5 diopters of strength to correct farsightedness.

Can you memorize the eye chart? ›

Yes, “cheating” on an eye exam is possible. People may do this by memorizing vision charts or skewing their answers during their exam. But this is not a recommended practice for several reasons: It can result in visual discomfort, an incorrect prescription, road dangers and even legal trouble.

How to pass eye chart test? ›

Upon completing the driving portion of the test, the California DMV requires that you pass a standard eye test using a Snellen Eye Chart. The CA DMV vision requirements are as follows: Drivers must have visibility at 20/40 with both eyes combined (e.g. one eye visibility at 20/40 and the other eye visibility at 20/70).

Is 5.0 eyesight bad? ›

Before we jump into what each section of how to read an eye prescription means, as a general rule, the higher the numbers on your prescription, the worse your eyesight is and the stronger your prescription will be to provide the necessary correction. Mild: -0.50 to -3. Moderate: -3.25 to -5.00. High: -5.25 to -10.

Is minus 7 legally blind? ›

Legal Blindness FAQs

They may also struggle to focus when they're in a group of people or when there isn't enough light. A 20/80 vision profile is commonly referred to as nearsightedness. Is minus 7 legally blind? A legally blind prescription is anything that's lower than -2.5, which is the equivalent of 20/200 vision.

Is 4.5 a strong eye prescription? ›

So +1.00 and -1.00 are quite modest; your eyesight isn't too bad, as you only need 1 diopter of correction. On the other hand, +4.50 and -4.50 represent a greater lack of clarity; you'll need a stronger prescription, at 4.5 diopters of correction.

What does minus 3 eyesight mean? ›

Most people with glasses are nearsighted, which is why there is more talk about “negative vision scale” and negative vision numbers. Nearsightedness is categorized into mild, moderate, high, and extreme: Mild: -0.50 to -3. Moderate: -3.25 to -5.00. High: -5.25 to -10.

References

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Horacio Brakus JD

Last Updated:

Views: 6275

Rating: 4 / 5 (51 voted)

Reviews: 90% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Horacio Brakus JD

Birthday: 1999-08-21

Address: Apt. 524 43384 Minnie Prairie, South Edda, MA 62804

Phone: +5931039998219

Job: Sales Strategist

Hobby: Sculling, Kitesurfing, Orienteering, Painting, Computer programming, Creative writing, Scuba diving

Introduction: My name is Horacio Brakus JD, I am a lively, splendid, jolly, vivacious, vast, cheerful, agreeable person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.